errorpage.cc

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/*
 * Copyright (C) 1996-2026 The Squid Software Foundation and contributors
 *
 * Squid software is distributed under GPLv2+ license and includes
 * contributions from numerous individuals and organizations.
 * Please see the COPYING and CONTRIBUTORS files for details.
 */
 
/* DEBUG: section 04    Error Generation */
 
#include "squid.h"
#include "AccessLogEntry.h"
#include "base/CharacterSet.h"
#include "base/IoManip.h"
#include "cache_cf.h"
#include "clients/forward.h"
#include "comm/Connection.h"
#include "comm/Write.h"
#include "error/Detail.h"
#include "error/SysErrorDetail.h"
#include "errorpage.h"
#include "fde.h"
#include "format/Format.h"
#include "fs_io.h"
#include "html/Quoting.h"
#include "HttpHeaderTools.h"
#include "HttpReply.h"
#include "HttpRequest.h"
#include "MemBuf.h"
#include "MemObject.h"
#include "rfc1738.h"
#include "sbuf/Stream.h"
#include "SquidConfig.h"
#include "Store.h"
#include "tools.h"
#include "wordlist.h"
#if USE_AUTH
#include "auth/UserRequest.h"
#endif
#if USE_OPENSSL
#include "ssl/ErrorDetailManager.h"
#endif
 
#include <array>
 
#if !defined(DEFAULT_SQUID_ERROR_DIR)
#define DEFAULT_SQUID_ERROR_DIR   DEFAULT_SQUID_DATA_DIR"/errors"
#endif
 
CBDATA_CLASS_INIT(ErrorState);
 
const SBuf ErrorState::LogformatMagic("@Squid{");
 
/* local types */
 
class ErrorDynamicPageInfo {
public:
    ErrorDynamicPageInfo(const int anId, const char *aName, const SBuf &aCfgLocation);
    ~ErrorDynamicPageInfo() { xfree(page_name); }
 
    int id;
 
    char *page_name;
 
    const char *uri;
 
    const char *filename;
 
    SBuf cfgLocation;
 
    // XXX: Misnamed. Not just for redirects.
    Http::StatusCode page_redirect;
 
private:
    // no copying of any kind
    ErrorDynamicPageInfo(ErrorDynamicPageInfo &&) = delete;
};
 
namespace ErrorPage {
 
class Build
{
public:
    SBuf output; 
    const char *input = nullptr; 
    bool building_deny_info_url = false; 
    bool allowRecursion = false; 
};
 
class BuildErrorPrinter
{
public:
    BuildErrorPrinter(const SBuf &anInputLocation, int aPage, const char *aMsg, const char *anErrorLocation):
        inputLocation(anInputLocation),
        page_id(aPage),
        msg(aMsg),
        errorLocation(anErrorLocation)
    {}
 
    std::ostream &print(std::ostream &) const;
 
    std::ostream &printLocation(std::ostream &os) const;
 
    /* saved constructor parameters */
    const SBuf &inputLocation;
    const int page_id;
    const char *msg;
    const char *errorLocation;
};
 
static inline std::ostream &
operator <<(std::ostream &os, const BuildErrorPrinter &context)
{
    return context.print(os);
}
 
static const char *IsDenyInfoUri(const int page_id);
 
static void ImportStaticErrorText(const int page_id, const char *text, const SBuf &inputLocation);
static void ValidateStaticError(const int page_id, const SBuf &inputLocation);
 
} // namespace ErrorPage
 
/* local constant and vars */
 
class HardCodedError {
public:
    err_type type; 
    const char *text; 
};
 
static const std::array<HardCodedError, 7> HardCodedErrors = {
    {
        {
            ERR_SQUID_SIGNATURE,
            "\n<br>\n"
            "<hr>\n"
            "<div id=\"footer\">\n"
            "Generated %T by %h (%s)\n"
            "</div>\n"
            "</body></html>\n"
        },
        {
            TCP_RESET,
            "reset"
        },
        {
            ERR_CLIENT_GONE,
            "unexpected client disconnect"
        },
        {
            ERR_SECURE_ACCEPT_FAIL,
            "secure accept fail"
        },
        {
            ERR_REQUEST_START_TIMEOUT,
            "request start timedout"
        },
        {
            ERR_REQUEST_PARSE_TIMEOUT,
            "request parse timedout"
        },
        {
            ERR_RELAY_REMOTE,
            "relay server response"
        }
    }
};
 
static std::vector<ErrorDynamicPageInfo *> ErrorDynamicPages;
 
/* local prototypes */
 
static char **error_text = nullptr;
 
static int error_page_count = 0;
 
static MemBuf error_stylesheet;
 
static const char *errorFindHardText(err_type type);
static IOCB errorSendComplete;
 
class ErrorPageFile: public TemplateFile
{
public:
    ErrorPageFile(const char *name, const err_type code) : TemplateFile(name, code) {}
 
    const char *text() { return template_.c_str(); }
 
protected:
    void setDefault() override {
        template_ = "Internal Error: Missing Template ";
        template_.append(templateName.termedBuf());
    }
};
 
static err_type &
operator++ (err_type &anErr)
{
    int tmp = (int)anErr;
    anErr = (err_type)(++tmp);
    return anErr;
}
 
static int
operator -(err_type const &anErr, err_type const &anErr2)
{
    return (int)anErr - (int)anErr2;
}
 
static const char *
ErrorPage::IsDenyInfoUri(const int page_id)
{
    if (ERR_MAX <= page_id && page_id < error_page_count)
        return ErrorDynamicPages.at(page_id - ERR_MAX)->uri; // may be nil
    return nullptr;
}
 
void
errorInitialize(void)
{
    using ErrorPage::ImportStaticErrorText;
 
    err_type i;
    const char *text;
    error_page_count = ERR_MAX + ErrorDynamicPages.size();
    error_text = static_cast<char **>(xcalloc(error_page_count, sizeof(char *)));
 
    for (i = ERR_NONE, ++i; i < error_page_count; ++i) {
        safe_free(error_text[i]);
 
        if ((text = errorFindHardText(i))) {
            static const SBuf builtIn("built-in");
            ImportStaticErrorText(i, text, builtIn);
 
        } else if (i < ERR_MAX) {
            ErrorPageFile errTmpl(err_type_str[i], i);
            errTmpl.loadDefault();
            ImportStaticErrorText(i, errTmpl.text(), errTmpl.filename);
        } else {
            ErrorDynamicPageInfo *info = ErrorDynamicPages.at(i - ERR_MAX);
            assert(info && info->id == i && info->page_name);
 
            if (info->filename) {
                ErrorPageFile errTmpl(info->filename, ERR_MAX);
                errTmpl.loadDefault();
                ImportStaticErrorText(i, errTmpl.text(), errTmpl.filename);
            } else {
                assert(info->uri);
                ErrorPage::ValidateStaticError(i, info->cfgLocation);
            }
        }
    }
 
    error_stylesheet.reset();
 
    // look for and load stylesheet into global MemBuf for it.
    if (Config.errorStylesheet) {
        ErrorPageFile tmpl("StylesSheet", ERR_MAX);
        tmpl.loadFromFile(Config.errorStylesheet);
        error_stylesheet.appendf("%s",tmpl.text());
    }
 
#if USE_OPENSSL
    Ssl::errorDetailInitialize();
#endif
}
 
void
errorClean(void)
{
    if (error_text) {
        int i;
 
        for (i = ERR_NONE + 1; i < error_page_count; ++i)
            safe_free(error_text[i]);
 
        safe_free(error_text);
    }
 
    while (!ErrorDynamicPages.empty()) {
        delete ErrorDynamicPages.back();
        ErrorDynamicPages.pop_back();
    }
 
    error_page_count = 0;
 
#if USE_OPENSSL
    Ssl::errorDetailClean();
#endif
}
 
static const char *
errorFindHardText(err_type type)
{
    for (const auto &m: HardCodedErrors) {
        if (m.type == type)
            return m.text;
    }
    return nullptr;
}
 
TemplateFile::TemplateFile(const char *name, const err_type code): silent(false), wasLoaded(false), templateName(name), templateCode(code)
{
    assert(name);
}
 
void
TemplateFile::loadDefault()
{
    if (loaded()) // already loaded?
        return;
 
    if (Config.errorDirectory) {
        char path[MAXPATHLEN];
        snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", Config.errorDirectory, templateName.termedBuf());
        loadFromFile(path);
    }
 
#if USE_ERR_LOCALES
    if (!loaded() && Config.errorDefaultLanguage) {
        if (!tryLoadTemplate(Config.errorDefaultLanguage)) {
            debugs(1, (templateCode < TCP_RESET ? DBG_CRITICAL : 3), "ERROR: Unable to load default error language files. Reset to backups.");
        }
    }
#endif
 
    /* test default location if failed (templates == English translation base templates) */
    if (!loaded()) {
        tryLoadTemplate("templates");
    }
 
    /* giving up if failed */
    if (!loaded()) {
        debugs(1, (templateCode < TCP_RESET ? DBG_CRITICAL : 3), "WARNING: failed to find or read error text file " << templateName);
        template_.clear();
        setDefault();
        wasLoaded = true;
    }
}
 
bool
TemplateFile::tryLoadTemplate(const char *lang)
{
    assert(lang);
 
    char path[MAXPATHLEN];
    /* TODO: prep the directory path string to prevent snprintf ... */
    snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s/%s",
             DEFAULT_SQUID_ERROR_DIR, lang, templateName.termedBuf());
    path[MAXPATHLEN-1] = '\0';
 
    if (loadFromFile(path))
        return true;
 
#if HAVE_GLOB
    if ( strlen(lang) == 2) {
        /* TODO glob the error directory for sub-dirs matching: <tag> '-*'   */
        /* use first result. */
        debugs(4,2, "wildcard fallback errors not coded yet.");
    }
#endif
 
    return false;
}
 
bool
TemplateFile::loadFromFile(const char *path)
{
    int fd;
    char buf[4096];
    ssize_t len;
 
    if (loaded()) // already loaded?
        return true;
 
    fd = file_open(path, O_RDONLY | O_TEXT);
 
    if (fd < 0) {
        /* with dynamic locale negotiation we may see some failures before a success. */
        if (!silent && templateCode < TCP_RESET) {
            int xerrno = errno;
            debugs(4, DBG_CRITICAL, "ERROR: loading file '" << path << "': " << xstrerr(xerrno));
        }
        wasLoaded = false;
        return wasLoaded;
    }
 
    template_.clear();
    while ((len = FD_READ_METHOD(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
        template_.append(buf, len);
    }
 
    if (len < 0) {
        int xerrno = errno;
        file_close(fd);
        debugs(4, DBG_CRITICAL, MYNAME << "ERROR: failed to fully read: '" << path << "': " << xstrerr(xerrno));
        wasLoaded = false;
        return false;
    }
 
    file_close(fd);
 
    filename = SBuf(path);
 
    if (!parse()) {
        debugs(4, DBG_CRITICAL, "ERROR: parsing error in template file: " << path);
        wasLoaded = false;
        return false;
    }
 
    wasLoaded = true;
    return wasLoaded;
}
 
bool strHdrAcptLangGetItem(const String &hdr, char *lang, int langLen, size_t &pos)
{
    while (pos < hdr.size()) {
 
        /* skip any initial whitespace. */
        while (pos < hdr.size() && xisspace(hdr[pos]))
            ++pos;
 
        /*
         * Header value format:
         *  - sequence of whitespace delimited tags
         *  - each tag may suffix with ';'.* which we can ignore.
         *  - IFF a tag contains only two characters we can wildcard ANY translations matching: <it> '-'? .*
         *    with preference given to an exact match.
         */
        bool invalid_byte = false;
        char *dt = lang;
        while (pos < hdr.size() && hdr[pos] != ';' && hdr[pos] != ',' && !xisspace(hdr[pos]) && dt < (lang + (langLen -1)) ) {
            if (!invalid_byte) {
#if USE_HTTP_VIOLATIONS
                // if accepting violations we may as well accept some broken browsers
                //  which may send us the right code, wrong ISO formatting.
                if (hdr[pos] == '_')
                    *dt = '-';
                else
#endif
                    *dt = xtolower(hdr[pos]);
                // valid codes only contain A-Z, hyphen (-) and *
                if (*dt != '-' && *dt != '*' && (*dt < 'a' || *dt > 'z') )
                    invalid_byte = true;
                else
                    ++dt; // move to next destination byte.
            }
            ++pos;
        }
        *dt = '\0'; // nul-terminated the filename content string before system use.
 
        // if we terminated the tag on garbage or ';' we need to skip to the next ',' or end of header.
        while (pos < hdr.size() && hdr[pos] != ',')
            ++pos;
 
        if (pos < hdr.size() && hdr[pos] == ',')
            ++pos;
 
        debugs(4, 9, "STATE: lang=" << lang << ", pos=" << pos << ", buf='" << ((pos < hdr.size()) ? hdr.substr(pos,hdr.size()) : "") << "'");
 
        /* if we found anything we might use, try it. */
        if (*lang != '\0' && !invalid_byte)
            return true;
    }
    return false;
}
 
bool
TemplateFile::loadFor(const HttpRequest *request)
{
    String hdr;
 
#if USE_ERR_LOCALES
    if (loaded()) // already loaded?
        return true;
 
    if (!request || !request->header.getList(Http::HdrType::ACCEPT_LANGUAGE, &hdr))
        return false;
 
    char lang[256];
    size_t pos = 0; // current parsing position in header string
 
    debugs(4, 6, "Testing Header: '" << hdr << "'");
 
    while ( strHdrAcptLangGetItem(hdr, lang, 256, pos) ) {
 
        /* wildcard uses the configured default language */
        if (lang[0] == '*' && lang[1] == '\0') {
            debugs(4, 6, "Found language '" << lang << "'. Using configured default.");
            return false;
        }
 
        debugs(4, 6, "Found language '" << lang << "', testing for available template");
 
        if (tryLoadTemplate(lang)) {
            /* store the language we found for the Content-Language reply header */
            errLanguage = lang;
            break;
        } else if (Config.errorLogMissingLanguages) {
            debugs(4, DBG_IMPORTANT, "WARNING: Error Pages Missing Language: " << lang);
        }
    }
#else
    (void)request;
#endif
 
    return loaded();
}
 
ErrorDynamicPageInfo::ErrorDynamicPageInfo(const int anId, const char *aName, const SBuf &aCfgLocation):
    id(anId),
    page_name(xstrdup(aName)),
    uri(nullptr),
    filename(nullptr),
    cfgLocation(aCfgLocation),
    page_redirect(static_cast<Http::StatusCode>(atoi(page_name)))
{
    const char *filenameOrUri = nullptr;
    if (xisdigit(*page_name)) {
        if (const char *statusCodeEnd = strchr(page_name, ':'))
            filenameOrUri = statusCodeEnd + 1;
    } else {
        assert(!page_redirect);
        filenameOrUri = page_name;
    }
 
    const auto looksLikeUrl = [](const char * const name) { return name && strchr(name, ':'); };
 
    // Guessed uri, filename, or both values may be nil or malformed.
    // They are validated later.
    if (!page_redirect) {
        if (looksLikeUrl(filenameOrUri))
            uri = filenameOrUri;
        else
            filename = filenameOrUri;
    }
    else if (page_redirect/100 == 3) {
        // redirects imply a URL
        uri = filenameOrUri;
    } else {
        // non-redirects imply an error page name
        filename = filenameOrUri;
    }
 
    const auto info = this; // source code change reduction hack
    // TODO: Move and refactor to avoid self_destruct()s in reconfigure.
 
    /* WARNING on redirection status:
     * 2xx are permitted, but not documented officially.
     * - might be useful for serving static files (PAC etc) in special cases
     * 3xx require a URL suitable for Location: header.
     * - the current design does not allow for a Location: URI as well as a local file template
     *   although this possibility is explicitly permitted in the specs.
     * 4xx-5xx require a local file template.
     * - sending Location: on these codes with no body is invalid by the specs.
     * - current result is Squid crashing or XSS problems as dynamic deny_info load random disk files.
     * - a future redesign of the file loading may result in loading remote objects sent inline as local body.
     */
    if (info->page_redirect == Http::scNone)
        ; // special case okay.
    else if (info->page_redirect < 200 || info->page_redirect > 599) {
        // out of range
        debugs(0, DBG_CRITICAL, "FATAL: status " << info->page_redirect << " is not valid on '" << page_name << "'");
        self_destruct();
    } else if ( /* >= 200 && */ info->page_redirect < 300 && looksLikeUrl(filenameOrUri)) {
        // 2xx require a local template file
        debugs(0, DBG_CRITICAL, "FATAL: status " << info->page_redirect << " requires a template on '" << page_name << "'");
        self_destruct();
    } else if (info->page_redirect >= 300 && info->page_redirect <= 399 && !looksLikeUrl(filenameOrUri)) {
        // 3xx require an absolute URL
        debugs(0, DBG_CRITICAL, "FATAL: status " << info->page_redirect << " requires a URL on '" << page_name << "'");
        self_destruct();
    } else if (info->page_redirect >= 400 /* && <= 599 */ && looksLikeUrl(filenameOrUri)) {
        // 4xx/5xx require a local template file
        debugs(0, DBG_CRITICAL, "FATAL: status " << info->page_redirect << " requires a template on '" << page_name << "'");
        self_destruct();
    }
    // else okay.
}
 
static int
errorPageId(const char *page_name)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < ERR_MAX; ++i) {
        if (strcmp(err_type_str[i], page_name) == 0)
            return i;
    }
 
    for (size_t j = 0; j < ErrorDynamicPages.size(); ++j) {
        if (strcmp(ErrorDynamicPages[j]->page_name, page_name) == 0)
            return j + ERR_MAX;
    }
 
    return ERR_NONE;
}
 
err_type
errorReservePageId(const char *page_name, const SBuf &cfgLocation)
{
    int id = errorPageId(page_name);
 
    if (id == ERR_NONE) {
        id = ERR_MAX + ErrorDynamicPages.size();
        const auto info = new ErrorDynamicPageInfo(id, page_name, cfgLocation);
        ErrorDynamicPages.push_back(info);
    }
 
    return (err_type)id;
}
 
const char *
errorPageName(int pageId)
{
    if (pageId >= ERR_NONE && pageId < ERR_MAX)     /* common case */
        return err_type_str[pageId];
 
    if (pageId >= ERR_MAX && pageId - ERR_MAX < (ssize_t)ErrorDynamicPages.size())
        return ErrorDynamicPages[pageId - ERR_MAX]->page_name;
 
    return "ERR_UNKNOWN";   /* should not happen */
}
 
static std::ostream &
operator <<(std::ostream &os, const ErrorState &err)
{
    os << errorPageName(err.type);
    if (err.httpStatus != Http::scNone)
        os << "/http_status=" << err.httpStatus;
    return os;
}
 
ErrorState *
ErrorState::NewForwarding(err_type type, HttpRequestPointer &request, const AccessLogEntry::Pointer &ale)
{
    const Http::StatusCode status = (request && request->flags.needValidation) ?
                                    Http::scGatewayTimeout : Http::scServiceUnavailable;
    return new ErrorState(type, status, request.getRaw(), ale);
}
 
ErrorState::ErrorState(const err_type t, const AccessLogEntry::Pointer &anAle):
    type(t),
    page_id(t),
    callback(nullptr),
    ale(anAle)
{
}
 
ErrorState::ErrorState(err_type t, Http::StatusCode status, HttpRequest * req, const AccessLogEntry::Pointer &anAle) :
    ErrorState(t, anAle)
{
    if (page_id >= ERR_MAX && ErrorDynamicPages[page_id - ERR_MAX]->page_redirect != Http::scNone)
        httpStatus = ErrorDynamicPages[page_id - ERR_MAX]->page_redirect;
    else
        httpStatus = status;
 
    if (req) {
        request = req;
        src_addr = req->client_addr;
    }
 
    debugs(4, 3, "constructed, this=" << static_cast<void*>(this) << ' ' << *this);
}
 
ErrorState::ErrorState(HttpRequest * req, HttpReply *errorReply, const AccessLogEntry::Pointer &anAle):
    ErrorState(ERR_RELAY_REMOTE, anAle)
{
    Must(errorReply);
    response_ = errorReply;
    httpStatus = errorReply->sline.status();
 
    if (req) {
        request = req;
        src_addr = req->client_addr;
    }
 
    debugs(4, 3, "constructed, this=" << static_cast<void*>(this) << " relaying " << *this);
}
 
void
errorAppendEntry(StoreEntry * entry, ErrorState * err)
{
    assert(entry->mem_obj != nullptr);
    assert (entry->isEmpty());
    debugs(4, 4, "storing " << err << " in " << *entry);
 
    if (const auto &request = err->request) {
        if (const auto &bodyPipe = request->body_pipe) {
            // We cannot expectNoConsumption() here (yet): This request may be a
            // virgin request being consumed by adaptation that should continue
            // even in error-handling cases. startAutoConsumptionIfNeeded() call
            // triggered by enableAutoConsumption() below skips such requests.
            //
            // Today, we also cannot enableAutoConsumption() earlier because it
            // could result in premature consumption in BodyPipe::postAppend()
            // followed by an unwanted setConsumerIfNotLate() failure.
            //
            // TODO: Simplify BodyPipe auto-consumption by automatically
            // enabling it when no new consumers are expected, removing the need
            // for explicit enableAutoConsumption() calls like the one below.
            //
            // Code like clientReplyContext::sendClientOldEntry() might use
            // another StoreEntry for this master transaction, but we want to
            // consume this request body even in those hypothetical error cases
            // to prevent stuck (client-Squid or REQMOD) transactions.
            bodyPipe->enableAutoConsumption();
        }
    }
 
    if (entry->store_status != STORE_PENDING) {
        debugs(4, 2, "Skipping error page due to store_status: " << entry->store_status);
        /*
         * If the entry is not STORE_PENDING, then no clients
         * care about it, and we don't need to generate an
         * error message
         */
        assert(EBIT_TEST(entry->flags, ENTRY_ABORTED));
        assert(entry->mem_obj->nclients == 0);
        delete err;
        return;
    }
 
    if (err->page_id == TCP_RESET) {
        if (err->request) {
            debugs(4, 2, "RSTing this reply");
            err->request->flags.resetTcp = true;
        }
    }
 
    entry->storeErrorResponse(err->BuildHttpReply());
    delete err;
}
 
void
errorSend(const Comm::ConnectionPointer &conn, ErrorState * err)
{
    debugs(4, 3, conn << ", err=" << err);
    assert(Comm::IsConnOpen(conn));
 
    HttpReplyPointer rep(err->BuildHttpReply());
 
    MemBuf *mb = rep->pack();
    AsyncCall::Pointer call = commCbCall(78, 5, "errorSendComplete",
                                         CommIoCbPtrFun(&errorSendComplete, err));
    Comm::Write(conn, mb, call);
    delete mb;
}
 
static void
errorSendComplete(const Comm::ConnectionPointer &conn, char *, size_t size, Comm::Flag errflag, int, void *data)
{
    ErrorState *err = static_cast<ErrorState *>(data);
    debugs(4, 3, conn << ", size=" << size);
 
    if (errflag != Comm::ERR_CLOSING) {
        if (err->callback) {
            debugs(4, 3, "errorSendComplete: callback");
            err->callback(conn->fd, err->callback_data, size);
        } else {
            debugs(4, 3, "errorSendComplete: comm_close");
            conn->close();
        }
    }
 
    delete err;
}
 
ErrorState::~ErrorState()
{
    debugs(4, 7, "destructing, this=" << static_cast<void*>(this));
 
    safe_free(redirect_url);
    safe_free(url);
    wordlistDestroy(&ftp.server_msg);
    safe_free(ftp.request);
    safe_free(ftp.reply);
    safe_free(ftp.cwd_msg);
    safe_free(err_msg);
#if USE_ERR_LOCALES
    if (err_language != Config.errorDefaultLanguage)
#endif
        safe_free(err_language);
}
 
int
ErrorState::Dump(MemBuf * mb)
{
    PackableStream out(*mb);
    const auto &encoding = CharacterSet::RFC3986_UNRESERVED();
 
    out << "?subject=" <<
        AnyP::Uri::Encode(SBuf("CacheErrorInfo - "),encoding) <<
        AnyP::Uri::Encode(SBuf(errorPageName(type)), encoding);
 
    SBufStream body;
    body << "CacheHost: " << getMyHostname() << "\r\n" <<
         "ErrPage: " << errorPageName(type) << "\r\n" <<
         "TimeStamp: " << Time::FormatRfc1123(squid_curtime) << "\r\n" <<
         "\r\n";
 
    body << "ClientIP: " << src_addr << "\r\n";
 
    if (request && request->hier.host[0] != '\0')
        body << "ServerIP: " << request->hier.host << "\r\n";
 
    if (xerrno)
        body << "Err: (" << xerrno << ") " << strerror(xerrno) << "\r\n";
 
#if USE_AUTH
    if (auth_user_request.getRaw() && auth_user_request->denyMessage())
        body << "Auth ErrMsg: " << auth_user_request->denyMessage() << "\r\n";
#endif
 
    if (dnsError)
        body << "DNS ErrMsg: " << *dnsError << "\r\n";
 
    body << "\r\n";
 
    if (request) {
        body << "HTTP Request:\r\n";
        MemBuf r;
        r.init();
        request->pack(&r, true /* hide authorization data */);
        body << r.content();
    }
 
    /* - FTP stuff */
 
    if (ftp.request) {
        body << "FTP Request: " << ftp.request << "\r\n";
        if (ftp.reply)
            body << "FTP Reply: " << ftp.reply << "\r\n";
        if (ftp.server_msg)
            body << "FTP Msg: " << AsList(*ftp.server_msg).delimitedBy("\n") << "\r\n";
        body << "\r\n";
    }
 
    out << "&body=" << AnyP::Uri::Encode(body.buf(), encoding);
 
    return 0;
}
 
#define CVT_BUF_SZ 512
 
void
ErrorState::compileLogformatCode(Build &build)
{
    assert(LogformatMagic.cmp(build.input, LogformatMagic.length()) == 0);
 
    try {
        const auto logformat = build.input + LogformatMagic.length();
 
        // Logformat supports undocumented "external" encoding specifications
        // like [%>h] or "%<a". To preserve the possibility of extending
        // @Squid{} syntax to non-logformat sequences, we require logformat
        // sequences to start with '%'. This restriction does not limit
        // logformat quoting abilities. TODO: Deprecate "external" encoding?
        if (*logformat != '%')
            throw TexcHere("logformat expressions that do not start with % are not supported");
 
        static MemBuf result;
        result.reset();
        const auto logformatLen = Format::AssembleOne(logformat, result, ale);
        assert(logformatLen > 0);
        const auto closure = logformat + logformatLen;
        if (*closure != '}')
            throw TexcHere("Missing closing brace (})");
        build.output.append(result.content(), result.contentSize());
        build.input = closure + 1;
        return;
    } catch (...) {
        noteBuildError("Bad @Squid{logformat} sequence", build.input);
    }
 
    // we cannot recover reliably so stop interpreting the rest of input
    const auto remainingSize = strlen(build.input);
    build.output.append(build.input, remainingSize);
    build.input += remainingSize;
}
 
void
ErrorState::compileLegacyCode(Build &build)
{
    static MemBuf mb;
    const char *p = nullptr;   /* takes priority over mb if set */
    int do_quote = 1;
    int no_urlescape = 0;       /* if true then item is NOT to be further URL-encoded */
    char ntoabuf[MAX_IPSTRLEN];
 
    mb.reset();
 
    const auto &building_deny_info_url = build.building_deny_info_url; // a change reduction hack
 
    Assure(*build.input == '%');
    const auto letter = build.input[1]; // may be the terminating NUL
 
    switch (letter) {
 
    case 'a':
#if USE_AUTH
        if (request && request->auth_user_request)
            p = request->auth_user_request->username();
        if (!p)
#endif
            p = "-";
        break;
 
    case 'A':
        // TODO: When/if we get ALE here, pass it as well
        if (const auto addr = FindListeningPortAddress(request.getRaw(), nullptr))
            mb.appendf("%s", addr->toStr(ntoabuf, MAX_IPSTRLEN));
        else
            p = "-";
        break;
 
    case 'b':
        mb.appendf("%u", getMyPort());
        break;
 
    case 'B':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
        if (request) {
            const SBuf &tmp = Ftp::UrlWith2f(request.getRaw());
            mb.append(tmp.rawContent(), tmp.length());
        } else
            p = "[no URL]";
        break;
 
    case 'c':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
        p = errorPageName(type);
        break;
 
    case 'D':
        if (!build.allowRecursion)
            p = "%D";  // if recursion is not allowed, do not convert
        else if (detail) {
            auto rawDetail = detail->verbose(request);
            // XXX: Performance regression. c_str() reallocates
            const auto compiledDetail = compileBody(rawDetail.c_str(), false);
            mb.append(compiledDetail.rawContent(), compiledDetail.length());
            do_quote = 0;
        }
        if (!mb.contentSize())
            mb.append("[No Error Detail]", 17);
        break;
 
    case 'e':
        mb.appendf("%d", xerrno);
        break;
 
    case 'E':
        if (xerrno)
            mb.appendf("(%d) %s", xerrno, strerror(xerrno));
        else
            mb.append("[No Error]", 10);
        break;
 
    case 'f':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
        /* FTP REQUEST LINE */
        if (ftp.request)
            p = ftp.request;
        else
            p = "nothing";
        break;
 
    case 'F':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
        /* FTP REPLY LINE */
        if (ftp.reply)
            p = ftp.reply;
        else
            p = "nothing";
        break;
 
    case 'g':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
        /* FTP SERVER RESPONSE */
        if (ftp.listing) {
            mb.append(ftp.listing->content(), ftp.listing->contentSize());
            do_quote = 0;
        } else if (ftp.server_msg) {
            wordlistCat(ftp.server_msg, &mb);
        }
        break;
 
    case 'h':
        mb.appendf("%s", getMyHostname());
        break;
 
    case 'H':
        if (request) {
            if (request->hier.host[0] != '\0') // if non-empty string.
                p = request->hier.host;
            else
                p = request->url.host();
        } else if (!building_deny_info_url)
            p = "[unknown host]";
        break;
 
    case 'i':
        mb.appendf("%s", src_addr.toStr(ntoabuf,MAX_IPSTRLEN));
        break;
 
    case 'I':
        if (request && request->hier.tcpServer)
            p = request->hier.tcpServer->remote.toStr(ntoabuf,MAX_IPSTRLEN);
        else if (!building_deny_info_url)
            p = "[unknown]";
        break;
 
    case 'l':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
        mb.append(error_stylesheet.content(), error_stylesheet.contentSize());
        do_quote = 0;
        break;
 
    case 'L':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
        if (Config.errHtmlText) {
            mb.appendf("%s", Config.errHtmlText);
            do_quote = 0;
        } else
            p = "[not available]";
        break;
 
    case 'm':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
#if USE_AUTH
        if (auth_user_request.getRaw())
            p = auth_user_request->denyMessage("[not available]");
        else
            p = "[not available]";
#else
        p = "-";
#endif
        break;
 
    case 'M':
        if (request) {
            const SBuf &m = request->method.image();
            mb.append(m.rawContent(), m.length());
        } else if (!building_deny_info_url)
            p = "[unknown method]";
        break;
 
    case 'O':
        if (!building_deny_info_url)
            do_quote = 0;
        [[fallthrough]];
    case 'o':
        p = request ? request->extacl_message.termedBuf() : external_acl_message;
        if (!p && !building_deny_info_url)
            p = "[not available]";
        break;
 
    case 'p':
        if (request && request->url.port()) {
            mb.appendf("%hu", *request->url.port());
        } else if (!building_deny_info_url) {
            p = "[unknown port]";
        }
        break;
 
    case 'P':
        if (request) {
            const SBuf &m = request->url.getScheme().image();
            mb.append(m.rawContent(), m.length());
        } else if (!building_deny_info_url) {
            p = "[unknown protocol]";
        }
        break;
 
    case 'R':
        if (building_deny_info_url) {
            if (request != nullptr) {
                const SBuf &tmp = request->url.absolutePath();
                mb.append(tmp.rawContent(), tmp.length());
                no_urlescape = 1;
            } else
                p = "[no request]";
            break;
        }
        else if (request)
            request->pack(&mb, true /* hide authorization data */);
        else
            p = "[no request]";
        break;
 
    case 's':
        /* for backward compat we make %s show the full URL. Drop this in some future release. */
        if (building_deny_info_url) {
            if (request) {
                const SBuf &tmp = request->effectiveRequestUri();
                mb.append(tmp.rawContent(), tmp.length());
            } else
                p = url;
            debugs(0, DBG_CRITICAL, "WARNING: deny_info now accepts coded tags. Use %u to get the full URL instead of %s");
        } else
            p = visible_appname_string;
        break;
 
    case 'S':
        if (building_deny_info_url) {
            p = visible_appname_string;
            break;
        }
        /* signature may contain %-escapes, recursion */
        if (page_id != ERR_SQUID_SIGNATURE) {
            const int saved_id = page_id;
            page_id = ERR_SQUID_SIGNATURE;
            const auto signature = buildBody();
            mb.append(signature.rawContent(), signature.length());
            page_id = saved_id;
            do_quote = 0;
        } else {
            /* wow, somebody put %S into ERR_SIGNATURE, stop recursion */
            p = "[%S]";
        }
        break;
 
    case 't':
        mb.appendf("%s", Time::FormatHttpd(squid_curtime));
        break;
 
    case 'T':
        mb.appendf("%s", Time::FormatRfc1123(squid_curtime));
        break;
 
    case 'U':
        /* Using the fake-https version of absolute-URI so error pages see https:// */
        /* even when the url-path cannot be shown as more than '*' */
        if (request)
            p = urlCanonicalFakeHttps(request.getRaw());
        else if (url)
            p = url;
        else if (!building_deny_info_url)
            p = "[no URL]";
        break;
 
    case 'u':
        if (request) {
            const SBuf &tmp = request->effectiveRequestUri();
            mb.append(tmp.rawContent(), tmp.length());
        } else if (url)
            p = url;
        else if (!building_deny_info_url)
            p = "[no URL]";
        break;
 
    case 'w':
        if (Config.adminEmail)
            mb.appendf("%s", Config.adminEmail);
        else if (!building_deny_info_url)
            p = "[unknown]";
        break;
 
    case 'W':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
        if (Config.adminEmail && Config.onoff.emailErrData)
            Dump(&mb);
        no_urlescape = 1;
        do_quote = 0;
        break;
 
    case 'x':
        if (detail) {
            const auto brief = detail->brief();
            mb.append(brief.rawContent(), brief.length());
        } else if (!building_deny_info_url) {
            p = "[Unknown Error Code]";
        }
        break;
 
    case 'z':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
        if (dnsError)
            p = dnsError->c_str();
        else if (ftp.cwd_msg)
            p = ftp.cwd_msg;
        else
            p = "[unknown]";
        break;
 
    case 'Z':
        if (building_deny_info_url) break;
        if (err_msg)
            p = err_msg;
        else
            p = "[unknown]";
        break;
 
    case '%':
        p = "%";
        break;
 
    case '\0':
        // XXX: Partially duplicates error handling code of the `default:` case.
        // TODO: Refactor bypassBuildErrorXXX() to accept `build` and determine the source of the error.
        if (building_deny_info_url)
            bypassBuildErrorXXX("Bare % at the end of deny_info", build.input);
        else
            bypassBuildErrorXXX("Bare % at the end of error page", build.input);
        p = "%";
        do_quote = 0;
        break;
 
    default:
        if (building_deny_info_url)
            bypassBuildErrorXXX("Unsupported deny_info %code", build.input);
        else if (letter != ';')
            bypassBuildErrorXXX("Unsupported error page %code", build.input);
        // else too many "font-size: 100%;" template errors to report
 
        Assure(build.input[1]);
        mb.append(build.input, 2);
        do_quote = 0;
        break;
    }
 
    if (!p)
        p = mb.buf;     /* do not use mb after this assignment! */
 
    assert(p);
 
    // TODO: Add an I/O manipulator to report non-printable chars better.
    debugs(4, 3, "%" << (letter ? letter : '?') << " --> '" << p << "'" );
 
    if (do_quote)
        p = html_quote(p);
 
    if (building_deny_info_url && !no_urlescape)
        p = rfc1738_escape_part(p);
 
    // TODO: Optimize by replacing mb with direct build.output usage.
    build.output.append(p, strlen(p));
    ++build.input; // skip the parsed % character
    if (letter)
        ++build.input; // when it was present, skip the parsed letter after %
}
 
void
ErrorState::validate()
{
    if (const auto urlTemplate = ErrorPage::IsDenyInfoUri(page_id)) {
        (void)compile(urlTemplate, true, true);
    } else {
        assert(page_id > ERR_NONE);
        assert(page_id < error_page_count);
        (void)compileBody(error_text[page_id], true);
    }
}
 
HttpReply *
ErrorState::BuildHttpReply()
{
    // Make sure error codes get back to the client side for logging and
    // error tracking.
    if (request) {
        request->error.update(type, detail);
        request->error.update(SysErrorDetail::NewIfAny(xerrno));
    } else if (ale) {
        Error err(type, detail);
        err.update(SysErrorDetail::NewIfAny(xerrno));
        ale->updateError(err);
    }
 
    if (response_)
        return response_.getRaw();
 
    HttpReply *rep = new HttpReply;
    const char *name = errorPageName(page_id);
    /* no LMT for error pages; error pages expire immediately */
 
    if (const auto urlTemplate = ErrorPage::IsDenyInfoUri(page_id)) {
        /* Redirection */
        Http::StatusCode status = Http::scFound;
        // Use configured 3xx reply status if set.
        if (name[0] == '3')
            status = httpStatus;
        else {
            // Use 307 for HTTP/1.1 non-GET/HEAD requests.
            if (request && request->method != Http::METHOD_GET && request->method != Http::METHOD_HEAD && request->http_ver >= Http::ProtocolVersion(1,1))
                status = Http::scTemporaryRedirect;
        }
 
        rep->setHeaders(status, nullptr, "text/html;charset=utf-8", 0, 0, -1);
 
        if (request) {
            auto location = compile(urlTemplate, true, true);
            rep->header.putStr(Http::HdrType::LOCATION, location.c_str());
        }
 
        httpHeaderPutStrf(&rep->header, Http::HdrType::X_SQUID_ERROR, "%d %s", httpStatus, "Access Denied");
    } else {
        const auto body = buildBody();
        rep->setHeaders(httpStatus, nullptr, "text/html;charset=utf-8", body.length(), 0, -1);
        /*
         * include some information for downstream caches. Implicit
         * replaceable content. This isn't quite sufficient. xerrno is not
         * necessarily meaningful to another system, so we really should
         * expand it. Additionally, we should identify ourselves. Someone
         * might want to know. Someone _will_ want to know OTOH, the first
         * X-CACHE-MISS entry should tell us who.
         */
        httpHeaderPutStrf(&rep->header, Http::HdrType::X_SQUID_ERROR, "%s %d", name, xerrno);
 
#if USE_ERR_LOCALES
        /*
         * If error page auto-negotiate is enabled in any way, send the Vary.
         * RFC 2616 section 13.6 and 14.44 says MAY and SHOULD do this.
         * We have even better reasons though:
         * see https://wiki.squid-cache.org/KnowledgeBase/VaryNotCaching
         */
        if (!Config.errorDirectory) {
            /* We 'negotiated' this ONLY from the Accept-Language. */
            static const SBuf acceptLanguage("Accept-Language");
            rep->header.updateOrAddStr(Http::HdrType::VARY, acceptLanguage);
        }
 
        /* add the Content-Language header according to RFC section 14.12 */
        if (err_language) {
            rep->header.putStr(Http::HdrType::CONTENT_LANGUAGE, err_language);
        } else
#endif /* USE_ERROR_LOCALES */
        {
            /* default templates are in English */
            /* language is known unless error_directory override used */
            if (!Config.errorDirectory)
                rep->header.putStr(Http::HdrType::CONTENT_LANGUAGE, "en");
        }
 
        rep->body.set(body);
    }
 
    return rep;
}
 
SBuf
ErrorState::buildBody()
{
    assert(page_id > ERR_NONE && page_id < error_page_count);
 
#if USE_ERR_LOCALES
    if (!Config.errorDirectory && page_id < ERR_MAX) {
        if (err_language && err_language != Config.errorDefaultLanguage)
            safe_free(err_language);
 
        ErrorPageFile localeTmpl(err_type_str[page_id], static_cast<err_type>(page_id));
        if (localeTmpl.loadFor(request.getRaw())) {
            inputLocation = localeTmpl.filename;
            assert(localeTmpl.language());
            err_language = xstrdup(localeTmpl.language());
            return compileBody(localeTmpl.text(), true);
        }
    }
#endif /* USE_ERR_LOCALES */
 
#if USE_ERR_LOCALES
    if (!Config.errorDirectory)
        err_language = Config.errorDefaultLanguage;
#endif
    debugs(4, 2, "No existing error page language negotiated for " << this << ". Using default error file.");
    return compileBody(error_text[page_id], true);
}
 
SBuf
ErrorState::compileBody(const char *input, bool allowRecursion)
{
    return compile(input, false, allowRecursion);
}
 
SBuf
ErrorState::compile(const char *input, bool building_deny_info_url, bool allowRecursion)
{
    assert(input);
 
    Build build;
    build.building_deny_info_url = building_deny_info_url;
    build.allowRecursion = allowRecursion;
    build.input = input;
 
    auto blockStart = build.input;
    while (const auto letter = *build.input) {
        if (letter == '%') {
            build.output.append(blockStart, build.input - blockStart);
            compileLegacyCode(build);
            blockStart = build.input;
        }
        else if (letter == '@' && LogformatMagic.cmp(build.input, LogformatMagic.length()) == 0) {
            build.output.append(blockStart, build.input - blockStart);
            compileLogformatCode(build);
            blockStart = build.input;
        } else {
            ++build.input;
        }
    }
    build.output.append(blockStart, build.input - blockStart);
    return build.output;
}
 
void
ErrorState::noteBuildError_(const char *const msg, const char * const errorLocation, const bool forceBypass)
{
    using ErrorPage::BuildErrorPrinter;
    const auto runtime = !starting_up;
    if (runtime || forceBypass) {
        // swallow this problem because the admin may not be (and/or the page
        // building code is not) ready to handle throwing consequences
 
        static unsigned int seenErrors = 0;
        ++seenErrors;
 
        const auto debugLevel =
            (seenErrors > 100) ? DBG_DATA:
            (starting_up || reconfiguring) ? DBG_CRITICAL:
            3; // most other errors have been reported as configuration errors
 
        // Error fatality depends on the error context: Reconfiguration errors
        // are, like startup ones, DBG_CRITICAL but will never become FATAL.
        if (starting_up && seenErrors <= 10)
            debugs(4, debugLevel, "WARNING: The following configuration error will be fatal in future Squid versions");
 
        debugs(4, debugLevel, "ERROR: " << BuildErrorPrinter(inputLocation, page_id, msg, errorLocation));
    } else {
        throw TexcHere(ToSBuf(BuildErrorPrinter(inputLocation, page_id, msg, errorLocation)));
    }
}
 
/* ErrorPage::BuildErrorPrinter */
 
std::ostream &
ErrorPage::BuildErrorPrinter::printLocation(std::ostream &os) const {
    if (!inputLocation.isEmpty())
        return os << inputLocation;
 
    if (page_id < ERR_NONE || page_id >= error_page_count)
        return os << "[error page " << page_id << "]"; // should not happen
 
    if (page_id < ERR_MAX)
        return os << err_type_str[page_id];
 
    return os << "deny_info " << ErrorDynamicPages.at(page_id - ERR_MAX)->page_name;
}
 
std::ostream &
ErrorPage::BuildErrorPrinter::print(std::ostream &os) const {
    printLocation(os) << ": " << msg << " near ";
 
    // TODO: Add support for prefix printing to Raw
    const size_t maxContextLength = 15; // plus "..."
    if (strlen(errorLocation) > maxContextLength) {
        os.write(errorLocation, maxContextLength);
        os << "...";
    } else {
        os << errorLocation;
    }
 
    // XXX: We should not be converting (inner) exception to text if we are
    // going to throw again. See "add arbitrary (re)thrower-supplied details"
    // TODO in TextException.h for a long-term in-catcher solution.
    if (std::current_exception())
        os << "\n    additional info: " << CurrentException;
 
    return os;
}
 
static void
ErrorPage::ImportStaticErrorText(const int page_id, const char *text, const SBuf &inputLocation)
{
    assert(!error_text[page_id]);
    error_text[page_id] = xstrdup(text);
    ValidateStaticError(page_id, inputLocation);
}
 
static void
ErrorPage::ValidateStaticError(const int page_id, const SBuf &inputLocation)
{
    // Supplying nil ALE pointer limits validation to logformat %code
    // recognition by Format::Token::parse(). This is probably desirable
    // because actual %code assembly is slow and should not affect validation
    // when our ALE cannot have any real data (this code is not associated
    // with any real transaction).
    ErrorState anErr(err_type(page_id), Http::scNone, nullptr, nullptr);
    anErr.inputLocation = inputLocation;
    anErr.validate();
}
 
std::ostream &
operator <<(std::ostream &os, const ErrorState *err)
{
    os << RawPointer(err).orNil();
    return os;
}